The recent mineral exploration programme (2009–2014) in the Jiaodong gold province identi？ed the new Guocheng-Liaoshang gold metallogenic belt which contains reserves of 92 tonnes (t) Au. In the main deposits the ore is fault-hosted in massive sul？des that make up to 25 to 95 vol%. The He-Ar isotope compositions of ore- forming ？uids from 20 pyrite samples from the ？ve main deposits are reported here. ³He/⁴He range between 0.41 and 2.39 Ra, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar are 367 to 2112 and ⁴⁰Ar/⁴He are 0.40–3.78. The data require four gas sources; a dominant mantle-derived component plus sub-ordinate crustal radiogenic, meteoric and basin brine compo- nents. The mantle end-member has 3He/4He (3.32–4.00 Ra). This is lower than most estimates for sub-con- tinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM: 6–7 Ra), implying that it was probably refertilized by subduction-related ？uid metasomatism. This is consistent with He-Ar isotopes reported for SCLM xenoliths from basalts in the Shandong Province. Within the mineralisation province, the mine Au reserve is positively correlated with the proportion of mantle-derived He in the ore-forming ？uids. This implies that the ？uids, and by inference the gold, was largely derived from mantle melts during lithospheric extension. Given the conspicuous association of gold ore deposits with mantle-derived magma in the Jiaodong Peninsula, we envisage that our genetic model can be applied, to some extent, to evaluate the potential of some mineral exploration targets